Flexible Sigmoidoscopy (Flex Sig)
Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a minimally invasive diagnostic procedure used to examine the rectum and lower portion of the colon, including sigmoid colon and descending colon. At North Shore Gastroenterology, our experienced providers perform flexible sigmoidoscopy in Westlake and Brooklyn, OH, to evaluate gastrointestinal symptoms, screen for early signs of colorectal disease, and assess abnormalities detected on imaging or stool-based tests. This procedure provides a clear, detailed view of the lower bowel, helping diagnose causes of bleeding, bowel changes, or inflammation and guiding appropriate treatment.
Why Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Is Performed
Your gastroenterologist may recommend flexible sigmoidoscopy to investigate symptoms such as diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, and unexplained changes in bowel habits. The procedure is also used to assess inflammation, ulcers, diverticular disease, and polyps in the lower colon. While similar to colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy examines only the rectum and sigmoid colon, making it useful for focused evaluation when symptoms appear limited to the lower digestive tract.
Flexible sigmoidoscopy is also an important screening tool for detecting early signs of colorectal cancer, especially in patients with a family history of colon polyps, personal history of inflammatory bowel disease, or positive stool tests. By identifying polyps or abnormal tissue early, the procedure helps prevent progression to more serious disease stages.
About the Procedure
During a flexible sigmoidoscopy, you will lie on your left side on the exam table. Sedation is not typically required. The physician gently inserts a short, flexible tube called a sigmoidoscope into the rectum and slowly advances it into the lower colon. The scope releases small amounts of air to expand the colon for better visualization and transmits real-time images to a monitor so the doctor can closely examine the lining.
If the provider identifies any abnormalities such as inflammation, ulcers, polyps, or inflamed tissue, small instruments can be passed through the scope to obtain biopsies. These tissue samples are sent to a pathology lab for evaluation. Biopsies do not cause significant discomfort, and most patients tolerate the procedure well.
The sigmoidoscopy generally takes 10 to 30 minutes. You may feel mild cramping or pressure due to the air used during the exam, but this typically resolves once the air is released. Because sedation is not used, you may resume normal activities shortly after the procedure. Your physician will review the findings and, if necessary, discuss next steps or additional testing.
Preparation and Aftercare
Preparation for flexible sigmoidoscopy is simpler than for a colonoscopy. Most patients are instructed to follow a clear-liquid diet for a short period before the procedure and may need a small enema to ensure the rectum and lower colon are clear. After the exam, most patients feel normal quickly, though some may experience mild bloating or temporary gas. If biopsies were taken, your provider will follow up once results are available.
Flexible Sigmoidoscopy in Westlake & Brooklyn, OH
To learn more about flexible sigmoidoscopy or schedule a consultation with one of our gastroenterologists, contact North Shore Gastroenterology at (440) 808-1212 or request an appointment online to receive expert evaluation and care at our Westlake or Brooklyn, OH, locations.
